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1.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 952021 Oct 20.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34668490

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The Health Exam for Adults Over 65 (EdS65+) is a health promotion program delivered in Primary Care (PC) settings in Andalusia. It seeks early detection of frailty and implementation of person-centered biopsychosocial intervention plans. The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics and functional capacity of the participating population, as well as the interventions carried out. METHODS: The sample consists of EdS65+ participants between May 2018 and February 2020 (203,077 individuals). Sociodemographic variables, functional capacity and implemented interventions were collected. Descriptive statistics were obtained and significance tests were performed to measure the sample representativeness and to detect statistically significant differences in the study variables according to sex, age or degree of urbanization. RESULTS: Functional capacity screening results were as follows: autonomous individuals accounted for 61.8%, 22.5% were dependent, 8.2% were pre-fragile, 4.8% were frail and 2.6% were categorized with low dependency. The prevalence of frailty ranged from 1.8% in persons aged 65-69 years to 7.7% in 80-84 years, with overall prevalence of 6.8% in women and 2.1% in men. In the frail population, a basic assessment was performed in 45.4% of cases, health promotion counseling in 55.2%, and prescription of a physical activity program in 43.3% of cases. A total of 19.6% of participants had one or more follow-ups and of these, 13.7% had two or more. CONCLUSIONS: EdS65+ is a unique program in Europe in terms of its long-term implementation and large-scale application in Primary Care services. Hence, the results presented in this study are valuable in growing the knowledge base around frailty and the design and implementation of actions aimed at proactive health promotion and disease prevention.


OBJETIVO: El Examen de Salud para mayores de 65 años (EdS65+) es un programa de promoción de la salud contextualizado en la Atención Primaria (AP) de Andalucía. Busca detectar precozmente la fragilidad y determinar planes de intervención biopsicosociales centrados en la persona. El objetivo del estudio fue describir las características y la capacidad funcional de la población participante, así como las intervenciones realizadas. METODOS: Muestra formada por participantes en EdS65+ entre mayo 2018 y febrero 2020 (203.077 personas). Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, de capacidad funcional e intervenciones realizadas. Se obtuvieron estadísticos descriptivos y se realizaron pruebas de significación para medir la representatividad de la muestra y detectar diferencias estadísticamente significativas de las variables de estudio según sexo, edad o grado de urbanización. RESULTADOS: Las personas autónomas representaron el 61,8%, seguido del 22,5% de dependientes, 8,2% prefrágiles, 4,8% frágiles y 2,6% con baja dependencia. La prevalencia de fragilidad fue desde el 1,8% en personas de 65-69 años al 7,7% en 80-84 años, del 6,8% en mujeres y del 2,1% en hombres. En población frágil se realizó una valoración básica en el 45,4%, asesoramiento en promoción de la salud en el 55,2% y prescripción de un programa de actividad física en el 43,3%. Un 19,6% tuvo uno o más seguimientos y, de ellos, un 13,7% tuvo dos o más. CONCLUSIONES: El EdS65+ es un programa único en Europa en cuanto a su implementación a largo plazo y su aplicación a gran escala en los servicios de Atención Primaria, lo que hace que los resultados presentados en este estudio aporten gran valor al conocimiento de la fragilidad y al diseño y puesta en marcha de actuaciones dirigidas a la promoción proactiva de la salud y la prevención de la enfermedad.


Assuntos
Idoso Fragilizado , Fragilidade , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Fragilidade/diagnóstico , Fragilidade/epidemiologia , Avaliação Geriátrica , Humanos , Masculino , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários
2.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 33(5): 491-494, sept.-oct. 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-189026

RESUMO

Se presenta una experiencia práctica de implantación de la Cuádruple Hélice basada en el Modelo de Innovación de los Reference Sites de la Comisión Europea, a través del método Design Thinking. Este método establece que, para alcanzar con éxito el diseño de una solución digital, deben cubrirse cinco fases ineludibles: empatizar, definir, idear, prototipar y evaluar. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación-acción y se aplicaron técnicas cualitativas de recogida y análisis de información en cada fase: metasíntesis cualitativa, grupos focales, entrevistas biográficas, foros profesionales y comunitarios, técnicas de prototipado y testeo con personas usuarias. La aplicación sistemática de este método ha facilitado la consolidación de un modelo de trabajo cooperativo, en el que interactúan los principales agentes interesados en el envejecimiento activo y saludable. Se han creado así productos y servicios que satisfacen mejor las necesidades de las personas usuarias, haciéndolas parte activa del proceso de creación


This paper shows an experience of the practical implementation of the Quadruple Helix-Based Innovation Model of Reference Sites of the European Commission through the Design Thinking method. This method establishes that, in order to successfully achieve the design of a digital solution, five unavoidable phases must be covered: empathize, define, ideate, prototype and test. The process was approached using the research action design. Qualitative data collection and analysis techniques were applied in each phase: qualitative meta-synthesis, focus groups, biographical interviews, professional and community forums and techniques of prototyping and testing with users. The systematic application of this method has facilitated the consolidation of a cooperative work model in which the main key agents in active and healthy ageing interact. Thus, products and services have been developed to better meet the needs of the users, making them an active part of the creation process


Assuntos
Humanos , Envelhecimento Saudável/fisiologia , Programas Gente Saudável/organização & administração , 50207 , Participação da Comunidade/métodos , Grupos Focais/métodos , Inovação Organizacional , Modelos Organizacionais , Design de Software
3.
Gac Sanit ; 33(5): 491-494, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30503165

RESUMO

This paper shows an experience of the practical implementation of the Quadruple Helix-Based Innovation Model of Reference Sites of the European Commission through the Design Thinking method. This method establishes that, in order to successfully achieve the design of a digital solution, five unavoidable phases must be covered: empathize, define, ideate, prototype and test. The process was approached using the research action design. Qualitative data collection and analysis techniques were applied in each phase: qualitative meta-synthesis, focus groups, biographical interviews, professional and community forums and techniques of prototyping and testing with users. The systematic application of this method has facilitated the consolidation of a cooperative work model in which the main key agents in active and healthy ageing interact. Thus, products and services have been developed to better meet the needs of the users, making them an active part of the creation process.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento Saudável , Modelos Teóricos , Participação da Comunidade , Europa (Continente) , Grupos Focais , Humanos , Metanálise como Assunto , Inovação Organizacional , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto , Software
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